※ PN junction area of a silicon ball is 4 times larger than that of a wafer-based cell of the same width.
※ For a silicon ball, Jo, the diode reverse saturation current, is proportional to the area of the PN junction. The Jo value is 4 times larger than that for a wafer-based cell of the same width.
※ Voc, the open circuit voltage for a solar cell, decreases as Jo increases.
※ The Voc value for a silicon ball is 40 mV to 60 mV lower than that for a wafer based cell of the same width, which is equivalent to approximately 10% of the total Voc.